The doctors explained why leg cramps

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Медики объяснили, почему ноги сводит судорогойSeizures (or myoclonia) is the uncontrolled rapid painful increase in muscle tone

Sports doctor, physiotherapist Vladimir Demchenko tells how appear cramps and why often makes it calf muscles.

— Seizures (or myoclonia) — a sharp painful uncontrolled increase of muscle tone with a duration from 10 seconds to 15 minutes. Often there are cramps of gastrocnemius muscles. This is because the calf muscles work a lot and are on the periphery, far away from the heart and Central vessels.

Causes of cramps can be divided into two groups — some caused by physical exertion, while others are symptoms of various systemic pathological conditions. Here is a partial list of pathologies that can be accompanied by the symptoms of: varicose veins, of not achrestic diabetes mellitus, renal failure, imbalances of thyroid hormones, flat, Parkinson’s disease, cirrhosis of the liver, various tumors, spasmophilia, multiple sclerosis, neuroinfections, encephalomyelitis, SARS and so on. So if spasms occur more than two or three times a month and are not associated with exercise stress, it is necessary to address to the neurologist.

If convulsions occur against the background of increased physical activity, especially in cyclic kinds of sports, such as running or Cycling, something they can cope on their own. The most common cause of this painful situation is the lack of macronutrients, such as calcium and magnesium (they are needed for muscle contraction) as well as the excessive load, which in turn leads to the accumulation of lactic acid and improve underlying muscle tone. Also plays a big role in flat feet — it causes non-optimal “suspension” of the arch and a disruption of blood flow and lymph drainage.

What to do to prevent cramps

Electrolytes occurs on the background of loss of fluid through sweating during Cycling training. So for the regulation of normal muscle contraction is necessary to restore the required amount of magnesium, calcium and potassium (and for better learning you can add vitamin B6).

Often physicians are advised to balance the ration, but in the conditions of modern life be much simpler to fill in the missing elements with the help of dietary supplements or vitamin complexes.

In marked flat feet need to buy or fabricate orthotics for at least training shoes.

Two or three times a week you want to stretch the calves — three times (no less), the duration of each 40 seconds. And in preparation for competitions or in the set of training volumes do not forget once a week to do sports massage of the feet.

What to do if a cramp has already happened

Most of the cramps occur during the night is due to the fact that in the supine position and with a lower blood pressure at night blood flow in the leg muscles is getting worse. When this happens, the easiest way to pull a sock on itself several times to bend and straighten the knee joint to RUB and carefully massage the calf muscles. Plus to increase blood flow you can use the heating ointments.

If you fear a spasm during the competition, take a alcohol wipe and a sterile needle from a syringe. If you experience cramps you need to stop, wipe with alcohol the outer part of the calf muscle at the widest part and puncturing it with a needle (1.5— 2 inches) — so you can quickly relieve spasm and continue running. After the injection the needle can be immediately pulled out. If there’s no rush, we should start with the sock stretching and massage.

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