Scientists explained the particular danger of “Russian” of tuberculosis

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Ученые объяснили особую опасность «российского» туберкулезаThe incidence of tuberculosis in Russia is four times higher than in the rest of the world.

Russian scientists have found that tuberculosis is prevalent in Russia and other post-Soviet countries, is the most dangerous of all the diseases of this type. Biologists conducted a comparative analysis of proteins and identified the causes of the lethality of the strain.

The incidence of tuberculosis in Russia is four times higher than in the rest of the world. Every year about 150 thousand people become infected with the Beijing strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In spite of the recently developed methods of curing it in its early stages, the death rate from infection is still high. To understand the reason of aggressiveness of the bacteria, the researchers compared the proteins of the strain of the Beijing B0/W148 with the control culture of mycobacteria.

Selected bacterial proteins were separated by enzymes into individual fragments — peptides. The researchers determined their total mass and number, and after analyzing the data, scientists found out which proteins were present in each of the strains. It turned out that 57 proteins were characteristic only for the control of culture, and 17, by contrast, was unique to the B0/W148. Thus the Beijing strain was more of the molecules that produce long chain fatty acids and smaller proteins, damaging them.

Bacteria use fatty acids to obtain mikolevykh acids that are embedded in the cell membrane of a microorganism and make it waxy. As a result of the mycobacteria are able to survive and even multiply in macrophages — immune system cells that destroy foreign agents. Mycolic acids not only protect the bacteria, but also play an important role in the synthesis of substances that inhibit macrophages to last no longer fight infection.

Tuberculosis is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. When it open form of M. tuberculosis are detected in the secretions of the patient, the person becomes infectious. Some scientists believe that the causative agents of tuberculosis infected about a third of the population. As of 2014, the number of cases in Russia was 59.5 per 100 thousand people.

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