Scientists closer to creating a quantum computer

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Ученые приблизились к созданию квантового компьютераAtom serves to influence electrodes.

Australian researchers have developed a new type of qubit is the building block of quantum computers. It will make possible the production of a large quantum computer.

In the new model, the qubits are phosphorus atoms in the silicon substrate, and to manipulate their value is proposed by using an electric field.

Quantum computer — computing device that uses the phenomena of quantum superposition and quantum entanglement for data transmission and processing. This device performs calculations due to the communication of qubits with each other. When changing the state of one changes the state of several related. In quantum computers, qubits are individual atoms in laser traps, the qubits must be very close to one another that this relation is preserved; the distance usually does not exceed 50 diameters of the atom.

In a new type of qubits, the value is encoded as a pair-electron. In the case when their spins are the same, the value of a qubit is 1 if they are opposite — 0. Directing to the desired location, the electric field, you can manipulate the value of the spin for calculations. This is easier than trying to use lasers and magnetic field.

“It is a theory, a guess. Such a qubit will still be built. We have some preliminary experimental data that make it clear that it is quite possible, therefore, we are working to fully demonstrate it”, – said one of the authors, Andrea Morello.

According to preliminary estimates, the new qubits Morello and his colleagues can interact with other cells of a quantum computer is not a distance in the range of 20-50 atoms, as before, and at the distance of almost a micrometer, which is a huge distance by the standards of computer technology.

“In order to manipulate this qubit, you have to pull the electron slightly further from the nucleus, using electrodes in the upper part. By doing so, you can create an electric dipole. These electric dipoles interact with each other at quite large distances, about a thousand nanometers,” explain the authors of the study.

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