Renovation: Perestroika in Moscow will kill all of Russia

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Реновация: Перестройка в Москве угробит всю Россию

When speaking about the program of so-called “renovation of the Moscow five-story building”, one should clearly understand, what exactly this implies. By itself, the word “renovation” means renewal and repair, and that’s just what’s absolutely necessary capital. If you mean the complete demolition of strong houses (that actually offer now the authorities the inhabitants of the metropolis), the program calls the specialists in the field of architecture misunderstanding and many questions.

So, a member of the Union of architects of Russia, an expert on housing policy Yuriy ekhin, in 2004 proved unfeasible national project “Affordable housing”, in conversation with the correspondent “SP” stated:

— The destruction of more than 5 thousand residential high-rise buildings, first, contradict the current legislation. Second, the density of development in the implementation of the program will increase in the “renovated” areas at least three times compared to the existing one. If now the density of the buildings is approximately 8 thousand square meters per hectare, it is planned that it will be 25 thousand square meters per hectare.

“SP”: — Tell us briefly, what is bad?

— Here are a number of negative things, in my opinion. The first is the decrease of sanitary norms and, in particular, a significant reduction of insolation. It is also reducing the amount of green space and reduction in Parking spaces. By the way, builders all over the world even 40 years ago came to the conclusion that high-rise development (and, most likely, the house height from 16 to 25 floors and will be built as part of the renovation), harmful to health.

While Honorary Builder of Moscow city, member of Union of architects of Russia and the head of his own architectural Studio Alexey Krotov, drew attention to another important issue: in Russia, all functions of state power are concentrated in one city. And in the same Germany that their “Khrushchev” just successfully rebuilt and not demolished, almost every city is a relatively independent administrative centre.

— In fact, — emphasizes the expert — now every tenth Russian is a resident of Moscow. After renovation it will be probably one in five. Our country has vast territory, and instead of them to settle in, inflated a bubble in several cities, created some agglomeration. However, you need to understand that the city as such, with their radial-ring scheme came to us from the middle Ages. But a modern city in terms of traffic flow should be linear, then it should be a breeze. We have now all the traffic goes to the center, creating great difficulties. And with the increase of population they will only increase. In General, for 7 million inhabitants is the limit. And according to official data, lives here now 12 and a half, according to unofficial — 15. And more to come. Hence, the same number of tubes will be larger.

— A few days ago — adds Yuri ekhin, — Sergey Sobyanin said that Moscow needs to be increased. Even called the number to 35 million inhabitants. His Deputy Marat Khusnullin during the summer operated a similar figure of 30 million. This means that the authorities are serious about increasing density, and openly stated that this will be achieved through the blend to the inhabitants of small villages and towns to the capital. Therefore, the metropolis hosts some absolutely unimaginable dimensions. Unfortunately, the positive examples of the functioning of cities on such a scale simply does not exist. There is one caveat — breaking five-story building, we break Russia. We all gathered in Moscow, and the rest of the land bare. Still carry the industrial enterprises, the same ZIL give residential. And then what?

“SP”: — Do what?

— And then collapse. Where, for example, to take power for such a dense development on water, Sewerage, gas supply if 15% of production capacity is also expected to bulldoze? And then, the people living in the city, leave it to rest. So, still need land for cottages nearby. And every weekend traffic jams on entrance and departure will increase. Why all this for what? A clear answer that all of this is reasonable though with some perspective, I have not heard from anyone.

“SP”: — whether the adopted law on the renovation of some critical inconsistencies or inaccuracies, which can then lead to irreversible consequences.

— Oh! Such inconsistencies, there are many. However, it is necessary to clarify what this meant. If we are talking about the disparity between the laws or mismatch global practice of development, then Yes, it is present. In addition, this law literally unties the hands of the government of Moscow and create the renovation Fund. They determine areas of renovation, methods to determine the alleged survey of residents the results of which are presented in the form of ultimate truth, which is not some way to double-check. But the fact that in all developed countries, democracy works. There the city authorities, including the chief architect, and a step cannot make without the approval of residents. Referendums are held there even in the most insignificant reason. We have, in fact, rebuilding the whole city, demolishing a strong housing, evicting the owners without their approval to do all that will lead to the collapse of the city.

“SP”: — for Example?

For example, in Moscow, in comparison with Tokyo, roads less than seven times. So we have any commissioning of the overpass is being touted as a Grand victory. However, the same ratio of length of roads in the Russian and Japanese capitals — 4000 and 27000 miles — it becomes clear that people, who undertook a radical restructuring of the largest European cities, which is our metropolis, simply do not know what they are doing. Or the thought creeps in that just understand but on purpose, that will lead to a deterioration of all.

“SP”: — If increase the area of the construction will not start if Moscow actively to sink under the weight of new buildings?

— I want to believe that there is. We have, — says Alexey Krotov — the sphere of research design is somehow established, the specialists are knowledgeable, understand. But given the scale of construction is always something going on. From the point of view of accidents will only get worse. Imagine there was some kind of technological disaster, and the entire area was disconnected from electricity. And we have a 25-storey building in which the elevators do not work. What should I do? No water, sewage does not work.

— In Moscow there are only two fire escapes, which get to the 16th floor — leads a small statistics Yuri ekhin. — And they are in Podolsk. And while they will pass out through the Moscow traffic jams to the scene of the disaster, the building will burn down, because in such cases, it is literally for minutes.

— According to the norms of the second path of escape through the window. Specially made pier that people could, say, somewhere on the ledge to wait for the arrival of rescuers. But as they arrive, if all downstairs full of parked cars? asks Alexey Krotov. — But occasions like this when rescuers couldn’t start for this reason, our work has already been done.

“Oil fire,” add and climatologists. They, in particular, said that in recent times in the city has increased the so-called “explosive” convection processes when saturated moist air rises, forming storm clouds. Due to this phenomenon in may 2017 the capital to check the strength of the hurricane. Its devastating impact, by the way, would not be so noticeable, if not a feature of urban development, pointed out by representatives of the MOE: the streets create a so-called “tunnel effect”, therefore the wind speed increases, the air flow gets the opportunity to suddenly change directions. Additionally, meteorologists did not rule out an increase in the capital and the so-called “heat waves” (one of these Muscovites has experienced in 2010). Among the main causes that provoke this phenomenon is the increasing areas of concrete walls of multi-storey buildings, a large number of “Packed” into a land tile and a catastrophic decline in the number of green spaces in the “old” boundaries of the city. The situation, according to scientists, could save a solid greening former industrial areas, but instead the authorities plan to build on these territories is the least a further 2 million square meters of housing, the environmental situation, of course, will only worsen.

Another important problem, which all why-that are silent, said Yuri ekhin is the amount of waste that is generated in demolition got under “renovation” of the capital’s five-story building:

— We with colleagues have calculated that if all the junk to load into Trucks, then get 25 million trucks. Their column is the distance from the Earth to the moon or 10 times will turn quietly around the equator. And where does the garbage go? After all, why the same Europe did not go the way of the demolition of houses? It’s all very well calculated and found out that it’s either going to cost much money or require a lot of space for the disposal of waste. Sergei Sobyanin also acknowledged that the recycling of construction waste is a serious problem. And even promised to think how to solve it. In the Metropolitan region of similar scale in landfills not. Now open the landfill in the Vladimir region to take back waste from demolition. But when the renovation will begin in Vladimir, where are they garbage to do? No one clear answer to this question yet and does not.

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